Therapeutic approaches will need to address several, if not all, of these angles of alpha-synuclein toxicity. Alpha-synuclein has not only been shown to alter cellular pathways but also to spread between cells, causing aggregation in host cells. Such pathways include autophagy/lysosomal dysregulation, synaptic dysfunction, mitochondrial disruption, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress. Moreover, alpha-synuclein is present in Lewy-bodies, the neuropathological hallmark of PD, and the protein and its aggregation have been widely linked to neurotoxic pathways that ultimately lead to neurodegeneration. Alpha-synuclein has been linked to both the sporadic and familial forms of the disease. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders with a global burden of approximately 6.1 million patients. 2Department of Physiology, Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Center, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom.1Department of Neuroscience at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.Toddler Approved came up with this fantastic letter recognition game, especially recommended for kids who love knocking things over.Carroll Rutherford Fields 1, Nora Bengoa-Vergniory 2* and Richard Wade-Martins 2* Kids can connect the letters in any way they like so long as all of the G’s are connected to the other G’s and so on.
Good, old connect-the-dots gets revamped when you write a handful of repeating letters in random patterns down a length of butcher’s paper. Hands on as We Grow came up with a letter familiarity activity that will get your little ones moving and their creative juices flowing. As they jump to each new pillow, have them say the letter or letter sound.
Have the kids start on one side of the room and try to jump to the other without touching the floor. Then use packing tape to secure each plate to a pillow and spread them around the room. Use a stack of paper plates, and write one giant letter on each one. If your kiddos need to burn off some energy, this letter activity from Toddler Approved will be perfect. This helps little ones work on letter recognition, color discrimination and fine motor skills. Give the child the sticker sheet, and instruct them to peel off each sticker, say the letter and stick it onto the part of the rainbow with the matching color. Use the marker to write one letter on each circle sticker. All you need is a printable rainbow, some colored label stickers and a marker. Practice colors and letters together with this preschool activity from No Time for Flashcards. For a more advanced version, say a letter first, and see if they can aim for the corresponding cup. Once they knock a cup down, instruct them to say the name of the letter on the cup. Give your child a small soccer ball (or any soft ball), and instruct them to kick the ball toward the letter cups. Then line the cups up in a row, spreading them out a bit. Take a stack of plastic cups, and write a single letter on each. This pre-K activity suggested by Fun Learning for Kids combines letters with sports. The key to instilling a love of learning in little ones is by disguising it with plenty of fun! Bookmark this list for a rainy day, and you’ll always have an entertaining and educational activity ready when you need it. 25 Entertaining and educational language activities for preschoolers You understand the importance of mixing in preschool learning activities with the usual fun and games, but who says you can’t do both at once? We scoured the internet to find the best literacy activities for preschoolers to add to your arsenal. “If we start early and build on a child’s experience as they grow, they will not only be able to read and write but also love to read and write.”
Muhs emphasizes the importance of building the framework for literacy in preschool and even before then. "Literacy skills do not just develop overnight."
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